Front Cover; Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics: Numerical Field Calculation for Charged Particle Optics; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Future Contributions; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Chapter I. Basic Field Equations; 1.1 Maxwell's Equations; 1.2 Electromagnetic Potentials; 1.3 Variational Principles; 1.4 Wave Equations and Hertz Vectors; 1.5 Boundary Conditions; 1.6 Integral Equations for Electrostatic Fields; 1.7 Integral Equations for Magnetic Fields; 1.8 Integral Equations for Wave Fields; References; Chapter II. Reducible Systems; 2.1 Azimuthal Fourier-Series Expansions

2.2 Rotationally Symmetric Boundaries2.3 Magnetic Round Lenses; 2.4 Series Expansions; 2.5 Planar Fields; References; Chapter III. Basic Mathematical Tools; 3.1 Orthogonal Coordinate Systems; 3.2 Interpolation and Numerical Differentiation; 3.3 Modified Interpolation Kernels; 3.4 Mathematical Representation of Curves; 3.5 Mathematical Representation of Surfaces; 3.6 Numerical Integration; References; Chapter IV. The Finite-Difference Method (FDM); 4.1 Two-Dimensional Meshes; 4.2 Five-Point Configurations; 4.3 Nine-Point Configurations; 4.4 The Cylindrical Poisson Equation

4.5 Irregular Configurations4.6 Subdivision of Meshes; 4.7 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter V. The Finite-Element Method (FEM); 5.1 Generation of Meshes; 5.2 Discretization of the Variational Principle; 5.3 Analysis in Triangular Elements; 5.4 The Finite-Element Method in First Order; 5.5 Field Interpolation; 5.6 Solutions of Large Systems of Equations; References; Chapter VI. The Boundary Element Method; 6.1 Discretization of Integral Equations; 6.2 Axially Symmetric Integral Equations; 6.3 Numerical Solution of Integral Equations

6.4 Special Techniques for Asymmetric Integral Equations6.5 The Calculation of External Fields; 6.6 Other Applications of Integral Equations; References; Chapter VII. Hybrid Methods; 7.1 Combination of the FEM with the BEM; 7.2 Combination of the FDM with the BEM; 7.3 The Charge Simulation Method (CSM); 7.4 The Current Simulation Model; 7.5 The General Alternation Method; 7.6 Fast Field Calculation; 7.7 Calculation of Equipotentials; References; Appendix; Index