Front Cover -- Scully's Medical Problems in Dentistry -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- A: General -- 1 Medical emergencies -- Preventing Emergencies -- Resuscitation and Emergencies -- Managing Emergencies -- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation -- Emergency Procedure -- Common Emergencies -- Collapse -- Simple Faint -- Anaphylaxis -- Cardiac Arrest -- Diabetic Collapse: Hypoglycaemia -- Fitting -- Chest Pain -- Shortness of Breath -- Acute Severe Asthma -- Foreign Body Respiratory Obstruction -- Less Common Emergencies -- Stroke -- Adrenal Crisis: Collapse of a Patient with a History of Corticosteroid Therapy -- Reactions to Drugs or Sedation -- Sedation Emergencies -- Mental Disturbances -- Hyperventilation Syndrome -- Disturbed or Aggressive Behaviour -- Bleeding -- Key Websites -- Useful Websites -- References and Further Reading -- Appendix 1.1 Management of Common Emergencies -- 2 Medical history, examination, investigations and risk assessment -- Protecting Patients -- Risk Assessment -- Informed Consent (otherwise known as valid consent) -- Specific Consent Issues -- The Use of Restraint -- Medical History -- Personal Details -- Presenting Complaint -- History of Presenting Complaint -- Relevant Medical History -- Drug (Medication) History -- Social History -- Family History -- Clinical Examination -- Investigations -- Preoperative Tests -- Imaging -- X-Rays (Radiography) -- Computed (Axial) Tomography -- Cone Beam CT (CBCT) -- Scintigraphy/Nuclear Medicine -- Positron Emission Tomography -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) -- Ultrasound (Ultrasonography) -- Laboratory Investigations -- Histopathology -- Microbiology -- Haematology -- Biochemistry -- Immunology -- Key Websites -- Appendix 2.1 Suggested Medical Questionnaire for Patients to Complete.

Appendix 2.2 Complex Medical History as Provided by a Dental Patient -- Appendix 2.3 Interpretation of Haematological Results -- Appendix 2.4 Interpretation of Biochemical Results -- Appendix 2.5 Urinalysis: Interpretation of Results -- Appendix 2.6 Some Important Autoantibodies -- 3 Perioperative care -- Treatment Complications -- Pain Management -- Analgesics -- Control of Mild Pain -- Control of Moderate Pain -- Control of Severe Pain -- Control of Chronic and Neuropathic Pain -- Choice of Anaesthetic Technique for Dental Procedures -- Local Anaesthesia (Local Analgesia) -- Local Anaesthetic Agents -- Vasoconstrictors -- Other Methods of Local Analgesia -- Conscious Sedation -- Procedural Sedation -- Pre-Medication -- Conducting Conscious Sedation -- Checks and Instructions for Patients -- Preparation and Choice of Technique -- Drugs Used for Conscious Sedation -- Postoperative Care -- General Anaesthesia -- Preoperative Preparation -- Intravenous Anaesthetics -- Airway Management -- Muscle Relaxants -- Anaesthetic Gases -- Analgesia -- Complications of General Anaesthesia -- Particular Considerations in Outpatient Sedation or GA in Dentistry -- Deaths in Patients Receiving GA for Dental Treatment -- Central Lines (Catheters) -- Antimicrobial Prophylaxis -- Key Websites -- Further Reading -- Appendix 3.1 Drugs to Be Avoided or Only Used in Low Dosage in Specific Conditions -- Appendix 3.2 Possible Contraindications to Drugs Used in Dentistry -- Appendix 3.3 Possible Drug Interactions in Dentistry -- Appendix 3.4 General Anaesthesia, Sedation and Resuscitation -- Recommendations from the Poswillo Report (Department of Health) -- Appendix 3.5 Classification of Operations and Admissions -- Classification of Operations -- Classification of Admissions -- Appendix 3.6 Instructions to Patients after Tooth Extraction.

Appendix 3.7 Antimicrobial Prophylaxis -- Antibiotic Prophylaxis Considered in Some Cases -- Endocarditis Prophylaxis Recommended -- Endocarditis Prophylaxis Not Recommended -- Prophylaxis May Be Considered -- Higher-Incidence Bacteraemic Dental Procedures -- Lower-Incidence Bacteraemic Dental Procedures -- 4 Signs and symptoms -- Abdominal Pain -- Alopecia -- Amenorrhoea -- Anaemia -- Angina Pectoris -- Anorexia -- Anosmia -- Anxiety -- Aphasia -- Arcus (Corneal Arcus) -- Arrhythmias -- Ascites -- Ataxia -- Back Pain -- Bleeding Tendencies -- Blindness -- Bradycardia -- Cervical Lymph Node Enlargement -- Chest Pain -- Clubbing of Fingers -- Coma -- Confusion -- Constipation -- Cough -- Cyanosis -- Delirium -- Dementia -- Diarrhoea -- Diplopia -- Dizziness -- Drooling -- Dry Mouth -- Dupuytren Contracture -- Dysphagia -- Dyspnoea -- Dysrhythmias -- Dysuria -- Earache -- Encopresis -- Epilepsy -- Epistaxis (Nosebleeds) -- Erosion of Teeth -- Exophthalmos -- Fainting (Vasovagal Syncope) -- Facial Paralysis -- Facial Sensory Loss -- Fever (Pyrexia) -- Gastrointestinal Bleeding -- Gingival Swelling -- Haematemesis -- Haematuria -- Haemoptysis -- Halitosis (Oral Malodour) -- Headache -- Hearing Impairment -- Heart Failure -- Hepatomegaly -- Hirsutism (Hypertrichosis) -- Hoarseness -- Hostility -- Hyperpigmentation -- Hyperthermia -- Hyperventilation -- Hypodontia -- Hypoglycaemia -- Hypotension -- Hypothermia -- Impotence -- Insomnia -- Jaundice -- Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension) -- Lymphadenopathy -- Malabsorption -- Malaise -- Melaena -- Menorrhagia -- Mouth Ulcers -- Murmurs -- Nausea and Vomiting -- Neck Lumps -- Neck Stiffness -- Nocturia -- Nystagmus -- Obesity -- Oedema -- Palmar Erythema -- Palpitations -- Papilloedema -- Paraesthesia -- Polydipsia -- Polyuria -- Pressure Ulcers (Bed Sores) -- Proptosis -- Pruritus (Itching) -- Ptosis.

Pupil Anomalies -- Purpura -- Raised Intracranial Pressure -- Raised Intraocular Pressure -- Red Eye -- Red Lesions in the Mouth -- Salivary Swelling -- Sciatica -- Self-Harm -- Sialorrhoea (Hypersalivation) -- Sneezing (Sternutation) -- Snoring -- Sore Throat -- Splenomegaly -- Stroke (Cerebrovascular Event or Accident -- CVA) -- Stuttering -- Sweating -- Syncope -- Tachycardia -- Tachypnoea -- Taste Disorders -- Teething -- Tinnitus -- Tiredness -- Tooth Discolouration -- Tremor -- Trismus -- Urinary Incontinence -- Vertigo -- Visual Impairment -- Vitiligo -- Weight Loss -- White Lesions in the Mouth -- Xanthelasma -- Key Websites -- B: Organ systems medicine -- 5 Cardiovascular medicine -- Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) -- Congenital Heart Disease in Other Syndromes -- Acquired Heart Disease -- Hypertension -- Hypotension -- Atheroma and Ischaemic Heart Disease/Coronary Artery Disease -- Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) -- Angina Pectoris -- Myocardial Infarction -- Cardiomyopathies -- Arrhythmias (Dysrhythmias) -- Extrasystoles (Ectopics) -- Tachycardias -- Bradycardias -- Long QT Syndrome -- Sudden Arrhythmia Death Syndrome (SADS) -- General Management of Arrhythmias -- Dental Aspects of Arrhythmias -- Thyroid-Related Heart Disease -- Pulmonary Heart Disease (Cor Pulmonale) -- Kawasaki Disease (Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome) -- Valvular Heart Disease -- Rheumatic Fever -- Drug-Induced Cardiac Valvular Lesions -- Infective (Bacterial) Endocarditis -- Cardiac Failure -- Arterial Dissection -- Surgery -- Vascular Surgery -- Cardiac Surgery -- Open Heart Surgery -- Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) -- Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) -- Minimally Invasive Heart Surgery -- Cardiac Catheterization -- Angioplasty -- Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) -- Cardiac Valve Surgery -- Cardiac (Heart) Transplantation.

Key Websites -- Useful Websites -- References and Further Reading -- Appendix 5.1 Genetic Syndromes with Associated Cardiac Defects -- Appendix 5.2 Main Congenital Heart Defects that May be Associated with Various Eponymous Syndromes -- Appendix 5.3 Vaughan-Williams Classification of Anti-Arrhythmic Agents -- Appendix 5.4 Drugs to Avoid in Long QT Syndrome (May Prolong the QT Interval and Induce Torsades De Pointes) -- Appendix 5.5 Modification of Clinical Procedures in Patients with Ceids -- Investigations and Procedures -- Other Equipment -- Emergency Procedures -- Appendix 5.6 Non-Health-Care Sources of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Affecting Modern Devices, with Their Safety Levels -- Appendix 5.7 Do Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures Require Endocarditis Prophylaxis? -- 6 Endocrinology -- Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland -- Posterior Pituitary Hypofunction -- Anterior Pituitary Hypofunction -- Anterior Pituitary Hyperfunction -- Pancreas -- Diabetes Mellitus -- Adrenal Cortex -- Adrenocortical Hypofunction -- Adrenocortical Hyperfunction -- Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy -- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) -- Adrenal Medulla -- Phaeochromocytoma -- Thyroid Gland -- Lingual Thyroid -- Goitre -- Thyroid Nodules -- Hypothyroidism -- Hyperthyroidism -- Parathyroid Glands -- Hypoparathyroidism -- Hyperparathyroidism -- Multiple Endocrine Adenoma Syndromes -- Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndromes -- Hormone Production By Tumours -- Gonads -- Key Websites -- Useful Websites -- Further Reading -- Appendix 6.1 Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Some Cancers -- 7 Gastrointestinal and pancreatic disorders -- The Oesophagus -- Reflux Oesophagitis (Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease) -- Post-Cricoid Web -- Cancer of the Oesophagus -- The Stomach and Intestines -- The Stomach -- The Small Intestine -- The Large Intestine -- Anal Diseases -- Peritonitis.

The Pancreas.