Introduction -- The Rapidly Evolving Discipline of Microbial Forensics; -- PART 1 & nbsp; INVESTIGATIVE GENETICS -- A. Criminal; -- The Kameido anthrax incident: A microbial forensics case study; Microbial Forensic Investigation of the Anthrax-Letter Attacks; -- B. Civilian; -- Foodborne Outbreaks: What's New, What's Not, and Where Do We Go from Here?; Genotype and Geography; the global distribution of bovine tuberculosis; Tracing meat products through production and distribution chain from farm to consumer; Microbial Forensics of RNA Viruses: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus; Forensic Plant Pathology; -- PART 2 & nbsp; EMERGING INFECTIONS -- Influenza Forensics; Keeping Track of Viruses; Microbial Forensic Analysis of Trace and Unculturable Specimens; Molecular Microbial Surveillance and Discovery in Bioforensics; -- PART 3 & nbsp; BIOSECURITY -- Assessment of the Threat; The Select Agent Regulations; Biosurety in the Post-9/11 Era; Forensic public health: epidemiologic & microbiologic investigations for biosecurity -- PART 4 & nbsp; SUBJECT AREAS -- Forensic Analysis in Bacterial Pathogens; Rickettsia and Coxiella; Forensics and Epidemiology of Fungal Pathogens; Ricin Forensics: Comparisons to Microbial Forensics; Forensic Aspects of Biologic Toxins; -- PART 5 & nbsp; METHODS -- The Use of Host Factors in Microbial Forensics; Collection and Preservation of Microbial Forensic Samples; Sampling for Microbial Forensic Investigations; Toxin Analysis Using Mass Spectrometry; Electron Beam-Based Methods for Bioforensic Investigations; Proteomics Development and Application for Bioforensics; High-throughput Sequencing; Genomics; The Design of Genomic Signatures for Pathogen Identification and Characterization; Non-Biological Measurements on Biological Agents; Inferential Validation and Evidence Interpretation; Microbial Forensic Investigations in the Context of Bacterial Population Genetics; Population Genetic Considerations in Statistical Interpretation of Microbial Forensic Data; Biorepositories and their Foundations -- Microbial Forensic Considerations; -- PART 6 & nbsp; NATIONAL LEVEL CAPABILITIES -- A U.S. Research Strategy for Microbial Forensics: From Genesis to Implementation; The National Bioforensic Analysis Center; Microbial Forensics in Australia -- The Australian Federal Police Perspective; Validation of Microbial Forensics in the Scientific, Legal and Policy Contexts; -- PART 7 & nbsp; MICROBIAL FORENSICS CURRICULA AND TRAINING -- Microbial Forensics: Educating the Workforce and the Community; So You Really Want to be an Expert Witness? A Primer for the Occasional Expert Witness; Conclusion -- Microbial Forensics, What Next?