Historical Perspective -- Fiber Characteristics -- Material and Fabrication -- Fiber Losses -- Chromatic Dispersion -- Polarization-Mode Dispersion -- Fiber Nonlinearities -- Nonlinear Refraction -- Stimulated Inelastic Scattering -- Importance of Nonlinear Effects -- Pulse Propagation in Fibers -- Maxwell's Equations -- Fiber Modes -- Eigenvalue Equation -- Single-Mode Condition -- Characteristics of the Fundamental Mode -- Pulse-Propagation Equation -- Nonlinear Pulse Propagation -- Higher-Order Nonlinear Effects -- Numerical Methods -- Split-Step Fourier Method -- Finite-Difference Methods -- Group-Velocity Dispersion -- Different Propagation Regimes -- Dispersion-Induced Pulse Broadening -- Gaussian Pulses -- Chirped Gaussian Pulses -- Hyperbolic-Secant Pulses -- Super-Gaussian Pulses -- Experimental Results -- Third-Order Dispersion -- Changes in Pulse Shape -- Broadening Factor -- Arbitrary-Shape Pulses -- Ultrashort-Pulse Measurements -- Dispersion Management -- GVD-Induced Limitations -- Dispersion Compensation -- Compensation of Third-Order Dispersion -- Self-Phase Modulation -- SPM-Induced Spectral Broadening -- Nonlinear Phase Shift -- Changes in Pulse Spectra -- Effect of Pulse Shape and Initial Chirp -- Effect of Partial Coherence -- Effect of Group-Velocity Dispersion -- Pulse Evolution -- Broadening Factor -- Optical Wave Breaking -- Experimental Results -- Effect of Third-Order Dispersion -- Higher-Order Nonlinear Effects -- Self-Steepening -- Effect of GVD on Optical Shocks.