Introduction: Why This Book? -- Important Concepts from Probability Theory -- Populations and Samples: The Meaning of "Statistics" -- Degrees of Freedom -- Introduction to Distributions and Probability Sampling -- The Normal Distribution -- Alternative Ways to Calculate Standard Deviation -- The Central Limit Theorem -- Synthesis of Variance -- Where Are We and Where Are We Going? -- More and Different Statistics -- The T Statistic -- Distribution of Means -- One- and Two-Tailed Tests -- Philosophical Interlude -- Biased and Unbiased Estimators -- The Variance of Variance -- Hypothesis Testing of Chi-Square -- More Hypothesis Testing -- Statistical Inferences -- How to Count -- And Still Counting -- Contingency Tables -- What Do You Mean: Random? -- The F Statistic -- Precision and Accuracy: Introduction to Analysis of Variance -- Analysis of Variance and Statistical Design of Experiments -- Crossed and Nested Experiments -- Miscellaneous Considerations Regarding Analysis of Variance -- Pitfalls of Statistics -- Pitfalls of Statistics Continued -- Calibration in Spectroscopy -- Calibration: Linear Regression as a Statistical Technique -- Calibration: Error Sources in Calibration -- Calibration: Selecting the Calibration Samples -- Calibration: Developing the Calibration Model -- Calibration: Auxiliary Statistics for the Calibration Model -- The Beginning.