Preface -- HIV Epidemic -- Multidrug-resistant Bacteria: The Emerging Crisis -- Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Global Challenge -- Urbanization and Infectious Diseases: General Principles, Historical Perspectives, and Contemporary Challenges -- Challenges in enteric epidemics from Cholera to malnutrition and cognitive development: barometers of inadequate water sanitation -- Challenges in control and eradication of malaria -- Lymphatic filariasis: progress and challenges in the move toward elimination -- Leishmaniasis: Challenges in the control and eradication -- Challenges in controlling and eliminating Schistosomiasis -- Dengue Infections -- Index.