The present study was designed to expand upon the relationship of healthy and unhealthy music use, self-esteem, and resilience with performance anxiety and performance avoidance. Participants (N = 71) ages 18 years and older completed a battery of online standardized measures measuring resilience, self-esteem, social and performance anxiety (fear and avoidance), healthy/unhealthy music use, and musical sophistication. Participants also identified as either musician or non-musician. The current study found significant correlations between the measures of musical sophistication and healthy/unhealthy use of music with performance fears and avoidance. More specifically, active engagement with music highly correlated with social and performance fear and avoidance. Unhealthy use of music, self-esteem, healthy use of music, and singing abilities were most likely to predict performance fears. Self-esteem and unhealthy use of music were also identified as the highest predictors of performance avoidance in the current study. These findings help us further understand how musical sophistication and healthy and unhealthy use of music can inform treatment and psychological well-being within the context of social and performance anxiety.