Introduction -- Early period -- Philo of Alexandria and Platonist psychology / John Dillon -- St. Paul on soul, spirit, and the inner man / George H. van Kooten -- Christian tradition -- Faith and reason in late antiquity : the perishability axiom and its impact on Christian views about the origin and nature of the soul / Dirk Krausmüller -- The nature of the soul according to Eriugena / Catherine Kavanagh -- Islamic tradition -- Aristotle's Categories and the soul : an annotated translation of al-Kindī's That there are separate substances / Peter Adamson and Peter E. Pormann -- Private caves and public islands : Islam, Plato, and the Ikhwān al-Ṣafā' / Ian Richard Netton -- Tradition and innovation in the psychology of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī / Maha Elkaisy-Friemuth -- Judaic tradition -- The soul in Jewish neoplatonism : a case study of Abraham Ibn Ezra and Judah Halevi / Aaron W. Hughes -- Maimonides, the soul and the classical tradition / Oliver Leaman -- Later medieval period -- St. Thomas Aquinas's concept of the human soul and the influence of Platonism / Patrick Quinn -- Intellect as intrinsic formal cause in the soul according to Aquinas and Averroes / Richard C. Taylor.