Using this book -- Defining the data -- Displaying the data -- Means, standard deviations and standard errors -- The normal distribution -- Confidence interval for a mean -- Comparison of two means: confidence intervals, hypothesis tests and P-values -- Using P-values and confidence intervals to interpret the results of statistical analyses -- Comparison of means from several groups: analysis of variance -- Linear regression and correlation -- Multiple regression -- Goodness of fit and regression diagnostics -- Transformations -- Probability, risks and odds (of disease) -- Proportions and the binomial distribution -- Comparing two proportions -- Chi-squared tests for 2 x 2 and larger contingency tables -- Controlling for confounding: stratification -- Logistic regression: comparing two or more exposure groups -- Logistic regression: controlling for confounding and other extensions -- Matched studies -- Longitudinal studies, rates and the Poisson distribution -- Comparing rates -- Poisson regression -- Standardization -- Survival analysis: displaying and comparing survival patterns -- Regressional analysis of survival data -- Likelihood -- Regression modelling -- Relaxing model assumptions -- Analysis of clustered data -- Systematic reviews and meta-analysis -- Bayesian statistics -- Linking analysis to study design: summary of methods -- Calculation of required sample size -- Measurement error: assessment and implications -- Measures of association and impact -- Strategies for analysis -- Appendix: statistical tables.