Clinical and translational science are fields devoted to investigating human health and disease, interventions, and outcomes for the purposes of developing new treatment approaches, devices, and modalities to improve health. New molecular tools and diagnostic technologies based on clinical and translational research have lead to a better understanding of human disease and the application of new therapeutics for enhanced health. This book is designed as the most authoritative and up-to-date resource for the broad range of investigators in various medical specialties taking on the challenge of clinical and translational science. Prepared with an international perspective, Clinical and Translational Science begins with experimental design and investigative tools to set the scene for readers. It then moves on to human genetics and pharmacology with a focus on statistics, epidemiology, genomic information, drug discovery and development, and clinical trials. Finally, legal, social, and ethical issues of clinical research are discussed concluding with a discussion of future prospects to provide readers with a comprehensive view of this developing area of science. Discusses practical biological, physiological, cellular, and therapeutic applications for one of the fastest growing fields in private practice and academic medicine. Includes contributions from international leaders providing insight into background and future understanding for clinical and translational science. Presents the structure for complete instruction and guidance on the subject from fundamental principles, approaches and infrastructure to human genetics, human pharmacology, research in special populations, the societal context of human research, and the future of human research.