This research project examines the impact on children's behavior when their parents are incarcerated. This research study answered the following questions: 1) why do some children with parental incarceration have behavioral problems and some do not? and 2) what interventions have been successful in helping these children and their families to reduce maladaptive behaviors? To answer these questions, two literature reviews of current studies were conducted. Factors that lead to maladaptive behaviors among these children were: child's social support, their internalization, gender and age, the caregiver's acceptance, and the presence of caregiver stressors. Three types of interventions were found and appeared to be effective: parenting education, mentor support, and visitation programs. Suggestions for future research and implication for the social work practice are further discussed.