Essays on Female Labor Supply and Fertility
Başlık:
Essays on Female Labor Supply and Fertility
Yazar:
Kim, Minhee, author.
ISBN:
9780438094215
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (115 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11(E), Section: A.
Advisors: John B. Jones Committee members: Byoung Gun Park; Michael J. Sattinger.
Özet:
This thesis focuses mainly on labor supply and fertility of married women. In the first chapter, I assess how the wage penalties of the labor market absences of married women have changed between the 1970s and the 1990s. The empirical results show that the wage penalties experienced by married women have risen over the two periods. I account for why the penalty has risen over the two decades. A possible reason for greater penalties is a larger difference in occupation between those who had career interruptions and those who worked continuously.
In the second chapter, I explain how participation, wages and fertility of married women have increased from the 1970s to the 1990s using a human capital investment model. To this end, this chapter constructs a dynamic stochastic labor supply model in which fertility and investment decisions are choice variables. I incorporate the Ben-Porath human capital accumulation into the model to link the expected intermittency caused by having children to women's human capital. After calibrating the model to match the 1970s cohort in the PSID data, which has lower participation and lower wage growth, I examine factors that might contribute to the observed changes over the two decades. The reduction in childcare costs and the increased returns to experience can explain the changes. The contribution of this chapter is twofold. First, this chapter includes the Ben-Porath specification to consider women's lower investment caused by their lower expectations over future careers. This investment plays a role in explaining the higher wages and wage growth rates when women increase the participation. Second, this chapter contributes to the literature by explaining the changes in the participation, fertility and wages together.
In the third chapter, this study investigates the wage consequences of married women's overeducation compared to those of either married men or single women. First, this chapter provides empirical evidence that married women face the lowest overeducation penalty relative to others. These empirical results are supported by a model from Sattinger and Hartog (2013) in which Nash bargaining predicts an overeducation penalty. Their paper finds that a worker with lower bargaining power faces a less severe penalty. Using their results, I assert that the lower penalty that married women experience could be explained by lower bargaining power. A worker's lower productivity can provide an alternative explanation for a lower overeducation penalty.
Notlar:
School code: 0668
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Yer Numarası | Demirbaş Numarası | Shelf Location | Lokasyon / Statüsü / İade Tarihi |
---|---|---|---|
XX(694246.1) | 694246-1001 | Proquest E-Tez Koleksiyonu | Arıyor... |
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