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Three Essays on Chinese Industries
Başlık:
Three Essays on Chinese Industries
Yazar:
Tian, Jing, author.
ISBN:
9780438024816
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (164 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-10(E), Section: A.
Advisors: Wayne Gray Committee members: Sang Hoo Bae; Chang Hong.
Özet:
After the 1978 economic reform in China, local governments started to have control over fiscal revenue, which gave them strong incentives to protect the local industries or other enterprises that can benefit them the most, from interregional competition. In this paper, our goal is to better explain the determinants and the pattern of the industrial specialization and their relationships with the protectionism driven especially by the tax revenue and the profitability of the industries. We used China Industrial Census Data to study 779 four-digit industries in 30 Chinese regions at the provincial level over the period 1999--2006. We ran both Static model and Dynamic Panel Data model, and compared across the models to see the differences in the coefficients. We ran robustness checks to make sound decisions about the preferred model to estimate the effects of key variables on industrial specialization. We also calculated and compared the effects of tax and profit on industrial specialization both in the short run and in the long run. Finally, we concluded that less specialization is found in the industries with high tax revenue or high profit margin due to stronger incentives for protection. Our results also support the scale-economy theory. Moreover, we found the overall time trend of specialization of China's industries to be increasing over the years.
Decreasing the tax burden of the enterprises can help reduce the overall cost and stimulate the export performance of the industries. Since implementing export tax rebate in 1985, China had increased its export volume by an average annual rate of 20% until 2012. In this paper, we focused on the export-tax-rebate policy and its system in China, an effective way to lower the tax burden, and especially its specific impact on export volume and performance, which is very useful for authorities to formulate appropriate policy. This paper first summarized the historical pattern of China's export tax rebate policy and its system and the related theories behind them. Then we used an economic model to estimate and explain the relationship between the export tax rebates and the export performance for the period 1997-2005. We considered the effects of China's policy change in 2004, when the local governments started to have a voice in determining true export tax rebate rates. The results show that the export tax rebate has a significant positive effect on the export performance, and for each percentage point increase in the export tax rebate rate, the amount of the exports will increase by 6.90 percent. Then we ran the robustness check to estimate and compare across the various key scenarios to analyze the impact of the increase in export tax rebate on tax performance.
Since China opened its economy to foreign investment in 1979, it has become the second-largest foreign direct investment (FDI) destination in the world after the United States. Over the period 1997 to 2008, the manufacturing industries played the most important role in attracting FDI. This paper summarizes the history of the FDI inflows in China, FDI inflows in China by allocation and by source country, and various beneficial policies for foreign investors. We also estimated the key determinants of the FDI inflows during the period 1996-2012. The results show that the increase in the market growth rate, the openness of the economy, and the locations of coastal regions all benefit and attract FDI inflows to China. Purchasing power has a negative impact on FDI inflows due to the higher cost of labor for production. FDI inflows also depend on historical patterns. We also estimated the impact of tariffs on the FDI inflows by each source country.
Notlar:
School code: 0048
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Yer Numarası | Demirbaş Numarası | Shelf Location | Lokasyon / Statüsü / İade Tarihi |
---|---|---|---|
XX(682502.1) | 682502-1001 | Proquest E-Tez Koleksiyonu | Arıyor... |
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