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Biology and Management of Leaf Spot Caused by Bipolaris and Cuvurlaria Spp. in Bermudagrass
Başlık:
Biology and Management of Leaf Spot Caused by Bipolaris and Cuvurlaria Spp. in Bermudagrass
Yazar:
Payne, Andrea, author.
ISBN:
9780438066373
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (293 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-10(E), Section: B.
Advisors: Nathan R. Walker Committee members: Stephen Marek; Damon L. Smith; Yanqi Wu.
Özet:
Bipolaris and Curvularia spp. can cause significant epidemics among members of the family Poaceae. Proper identification, cultivar selection, and chemical practices is required to manage epidemics caused by Bipolaris and Curvularia spp. In bermudagrass, symptoms of leaf spot (LS) include dark brown spots that result in a loss of aesthetics and melting out, which may result in plant death. Management of LS has focused on proper fertility and pesticide treatments. Nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and two pesticide programs (conventional and alternative programs) were evaluated across two cultivars of bermudagrass ('U3' and 'Patriot') for LS severity, dollar spot severity, quality, weed encroachment, soil and foliar fertility. N fertilizer had the largest consistent impact on diseases, quality, and weed encroachment during the study period. Applications over 146.5 kg N ha-1 did not show increased benefit in quality, disease management, or foliar fertilizer concentrations. K fertilizer did not show a consistent effect on disease management, weed encroachment, and quality; however, K did show increased benefit in foliar and soil fertility concentrations. The alternative pesticide program showed increased quality and decreased weed encroachment; however, phytotoxicity was observed in plots planted to the cultivar 'Patriot'. The conventional program did not show improved disease or weed management compared to plots not treated with chemical treatments. Planting cultivars resistant to disease can decrease reliance upon chemicals to manage those diseases. Genotypes of Cynodon dactylon, C. transvaalensis, and interspecific hybrids of C. dactylon and C. transvaalensis were evaluated for LS severity, leaf width, color, texture, and density. LS severity was highest among C. transvaalensis and lowest among C. dactylon. Increased width, texture, and density showed higher disease severity. Partial sequences of the internal transcribed spacer, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequences were used to determine single and combined gene phylogram of Bipolaris and Curvularia spp. Phylogenetic analysis of Bipolaris and Curvularia spp. showed clear delineation across all genes and the combined gene phylograms. This study showed ambiguity in measurements taken for morphologic examination that resulted in improper identification. Multigene phylograms showed B. cynodontis and B. coffeana are the same species and novel species were identified.
Notlar:
School code: 0664
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Yer Numarası | Demirbaş Numarası | Shelf Location | Lokasyon / Statüsü / İade Tarihi |
---|---|---|---|
XX(678090.1) | 678090-1001 | Proquest E-Tez Koleksiyonu | Arıyor... |
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