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Promoting grain legume seeds in animal feeding: Unveiling the nutritive value and phytochemicals of European varieties
Başlık:
Promoting grain legume seeds in animal feeding: Unveiling the nutritive value and phytochemicals of European varieties
Yazar:
Codeço, Sara Cristina Queirós Magalhaes Sá, author.
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (205 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-07C.
Özet:
The European Union (EU) shows, for several years now, a deficit in vegetable protein sources of approximately 70%. One of the sectors most affected by this situation is the compound feed industry which is annually developed at the expense of more than 20 million tonnes (mio. t) of imported oilseed meals, in particular soybean meal (SBM), from Argentina and Brazil. Soybean meal is the protein source of excellence in compound feedstuffs for swine, poultry, cattle and fish (in replacement of fishmeal) because of the high protein content (also highly digestible) and of the amino acids profile. As the EU's external dependence on plant protein sources turns animal production systems vulnerable to price volatility and trade distortions, negatively impacting the trade balance of European countries, it is now a priority of the European Commission to reverse the situation by stimulating the local production of protein-rich crops, with emphasis on grain legumes (GL). Grain legumes are grown for their rich-protein grains which are harvested at maturity and marketed as dry products for human and animal consumption. Despite well adapted to the EU's edaphoclimatic conditions, the area devoted to GL crops is currently very low (1.2 mio. ha in 2014), largely due to low yields, their production (2.7 mio. t in 2014) being mostly targeted to the animal feeding. One of the major challenges the EU faces while encouraging GL local production relates to the lack of research, investment and training on cultural and agronomic practices, breeding and nutritive value of these seeds in order to value them for feed and also food purposes.
In this context, this work aimed firstly at reviewing the state of the art on the production of GL in Portugal, since this country, along with other European countries, also relies on high amounts of SBM in compound feedstuffs. In addition, to improve the knowledge on the nutritive value and phytochemical composition of European varieties of GL, 51 seed varieties from different European countries were collected. These varieties, listed in the European Plant Variety Database, and therefore easily marketable between different countries, included chickpea (Cicer arietinum, Desi and Kabuli types), field pea (Pisum sativum), faba bean (Vicia faba var. minor), white, narrow-leafed and yellow lupins (Lupinus albus, L. angustifolius, and L. luteus, respectively), common vetch (Vicia sativa) and chickling vetch (Lathyrus cicera), and were analyzed for proximate composition and profiles in fatty acids, carotenoids, organic acids, phenolic compounds and alkaloids (in the case of lupins), using routine methods and the most advisable chromatographic techniques. Finally, the potential of including Portuguese GL varieties in the diet of two important aquaculture species, namely rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), was evaluated in a digestibility experiment using the diet replacement method and Choubert system for faeces collection.
Notlar:
School code: 5896
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Yer Numarası | Demirbaş Numarası | Shelf Location | Lokasyon / Statüsü / İade Tarihi |
---|---|---|---|
XX(678840.1) | 678840-1001 | Proquest E-Tez Koleksiyonu | Arıyor... |
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