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Diplomacy, trade and war: Britain and China, 1950 to 1954
Başlık:
Diplomacy, trade and war: Britain and China, 1950 to 1954
Yazar:
Clayton, David W., author.
ISBN:
9780438084629
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (370 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-08C.
Özet:
This thesis defines, examines and assesses Sino-British relations between 1950- 1954. It moves away from the predominate historiography, which has tended to narrowly explore Sino-British relations or British involvement in the Korean War, placing Britain's policy vis-a-vis China within the context of Anglo-American differences over the conduct of the cold war in Asia. It explains how and why Britain retreated from a Rooseveltian internationalist approach which advocated diplomatic and economic contact with the Chinese to a policy which accepted diplomatic stalemate, prevented China's admission to the UN and which restricted trade with China. It examines China's perception of and policy towards the West; arguing that ideological and economic factors, and not the nuances of British diplomacy, determined China's foreign policy alignment. Taking a lead from previous research into Britain's decision to recognise the PRC, my work examines the British attempt to establish diplomatic relations, to admit China to the UN and to maintain economic contact with China. It explains why a more stringent containment policy replaced these British objectives. It argues that China's hostile attitude towards the West, the outbreak of the Korean War, and, most importantly, American pressure forced Britain to reassess and change policy towards the PRC. Britain accepted the stalemate in relations with China, the deadlock in the UN, the continuation of the Chinese Civil War over Taiwan and the growing economic isolation of China with reluctance; but given the wider geo-strategic and economic importance of Anglo-American relations, the British Labour and Conservative governments had little choice but to follow the American lead in the Far East. The main British objective was to prevent the US from escalating the Sino-Western conflict but the government also aimed to re-establish the parameters within which China could be integrated into the world system. The thesis argues that Britain underestimated the ideological considerations determining the PRC position but that in the long term British rather than American policy was most responsive to the requirements of the cold war in Asia. I argue that British attempts to moderate American policy towards China caused severe tensions in Anglo-American relations, polarised opinion in Britain and was largely ineffective. The second thread of this research examines Chinese communist and American perceptions of Sino-Western contact. I argue that China's refusal to establish full diplomatic relations with Britain and reluctance to embrace traditional trading structures was determined by the dictates of nationalism and communism. Nevertheless there was a degree of flexibility in the Chinese attitude and the intensity of Sino- Western antagonism was exacerbated by mutual misconceptions held, and domestic political environments in, China and the West. My thesis argues that a UN seat for China and more extensive trading contacts between China and the West may have reduced cold war tensions in Asia, but American's adherence to an isolationist containment policy precluded any integrationist strategy. I accept the prevailing view that the US aimed to limit China's diplomatic and economic contact with the noncommunist world and wanted to encircle the PRC militarily. I also agree with the view of some American historians that the US wanted to force China to rely on the Soviet Union to increase tensions between the powers, but argue that this was by no means a coherent strategy and it was the Korean War, by changing the balance of power in the American bureacracy and intensifying popular anti-communist sentiment, that coalesced this as policy.
Notlar:
School code: 1543
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Yer Numarası | Demirbaş Numarası | Shelf Location | Lokasyon / Statüsü / İade Tarihi |
---|---|---|---|
XX(686907.1) | 686907-1001 | Proquest E-Tez Koleksiyonu | Arıyor... |
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