Eylem Seç
Contaminated blood: A comparative study of policy-making arising out of HIV contamination of the blood supply in France, the United Kingdom and Ireland
Başlık:
Contaminated blood: A comparative study of policy-making arising out of HIV contamination of the blood supply in France, the United Kingdom and Ireland
Yazar:
Farrell, Anne-Maree, author.
ISBN:
9780438085336
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (270 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-08C.
Özet:
This research involves a comparative study of the dynamics of public policy-making in France, the UK and Ireland arising out of HIV/AIDS contamination of the blood supply, and its consequences. The examination of such policy-making is divided into two separate phases. The first phase covers the period in which HTV/ATDS emerged as a risk to the blood supply in the early to mid-1980s. The second phase covers the period in which the HIV contamination episode involving haemophiliacs shifted from being a narrowly defined medico-scientific issue to one that had a prominent place on the national political agenda in all three countries. The findings from this research reveal that there was a failure on the part of blood experts ('key decision-makers') in all three countries to adequately manage the risk of HIV/AIDS contamination of the blood supply, resulting in high levels of HIV infection among haemophiliacs. The professional structures (autonomy, training and beliefs) used by key decision-makers, as well as dysfunctional institutional structures and inadequate decision-making processes with respect to the management of the blood supply, were factors which were highly influential in contributing to policy failure in the first phase. The policy choices of key decision-makers were also constrained by the wider economic context in which the management of the national blood supply took place. The social construction of HIV/AIDS around the stigmatisation of the gay community proved not to be an influential factor, although its construction as 'an American disease' was used on occasions by key decision-makers in France to justify their policy choices. Despite similar levels of HIV infection among national haemophilia populations, there was disparity in outcome across the three countries in the second phase, with political scandals developing in France and Ireland, but not in the UK. The way in which haemophilia groups framed their campaigns, as well as their choice of strategies for achieving their demands on behalf of HIV-infected members, were key differentiating factors accounting for outcome both in and across the three countries. Framing and choice of strategies by haemophilia groups influenced the extent to which national governments were able to manage the political fall-out from the HIV contamination episode within the established 'rules of the game' for dealing with adverse outcomes in public policy-making. Containing such fall-out in the case of the UK resulted in the persistence of established institutions in relation to the management and regulation of the blood supply. Failing to contain such fall-out led to political scandal in France and Ireland, which resulted in the breakdown and reform of national blood and regulatory institutions. A factor complicating the ability of national governments to contain such fall-out was the intensity of negative public reaction to revelations concerning the circumstances that had led to the HIV contamination episode. Such reaction, which proved to be particularly acute in Ireland, had its origins in the development of a generalised social anxiety arising out of socio-economic change linked to the effects of europeanisation. Political scandal was also accompanied by the loss of public trust arising out of the perceived failure by those with institutional and political responsibility for the blood supply to successfully manage the risk of HIV/AIDS. The loss of public trust signalled that there had been a shift towards the social definition of risk, and that the credibility of political leaders was now linked into the political assessment and management of risks to public health and safety.
Notlar:
School code: 1543
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Yer Numarası | Demirbaş Numarası | Shelf Location | Lokasyon / Statüsü / İade Tarihi |
---|---|---|---|
XX(686951.1) | 686951-1001 | Proquest E-Tez Koleksiyonu | Arıyor... |
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