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Substance Use Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Neurocognitive Impairment in HIV Infection
Başlık:
Substance Use Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Neurocognitive Impairment in HIV Infection
Yazar:
Chen, Li Hui, author.
ISBN:
9780438132276
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (40 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11(E), Section: B.
Advisors: Serena Spudich Committee members: Zachary Corbin; Kevin O'Connor.
Özet:
Neuroinflammation has been implicated as a major contributor to neuronal injury in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Previous in vitro and animal studies have shown that drugs of abuse can create a pro-inflammatory environment in the CNS that can potentiate HAND; however, clinical research studies are lacking, especially during the early years of HIV infection when therapeutic intervention would likely make the greatest difference in disease progression. A total of 82 male participants with variable drug use history (no drug use: n=17, occasional drug use: n=25, heavy drug use: n= 40) were enrolled within one year of HIV infection and followed longitudinally. All participants were enrolled when antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive, and initiated ART during follow up outside of the study. Paired plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and neuropsychological testing data were collected from participants at baseline, 6 weeks, and every 6 months thereafter for up to four years. Mixed model analyses were conducted to compare the effect of drug use on levels of CSF and plasma neopterin, a marker of macrophage activation, and neuropsychological testing performance. Pre-ART, both plasma and CSF neopterin levels were elevated in the heavy drug use group compared to the no drug use group (plasma: beta = +7.1, SE = 2.4, p = 0.003; CSF: beta = +7.4, SE = 1.9, p <0.001). The difference in neopterin levels was attenuated post-ART in plasma (beta = +3.6, SE = 2.2, p = 0.10), but persisted in CSF (beta = +4.4, SE =1.9, p = .019). Neuropsychological assessment showed that participants with heavy drug use had the greatest impairments both pre- and post- ART (pre-ART heavy vs. none: beta = -0.32, SE = 1.1, p = .006; post-ART heavy vs. none beta = -0.46, SE = 1.2, p <0.001). We conclude that drug use potentiates neuroinflammation in HIV infection and exacerbate neurocognitive impairment in this early HIV infection study.
Notlar:
School code: 0265
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Yer Numarası | Demirbaş Numarası | Shelf Location | Lokasyon / Statüsü / İade Tarihi |
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XX(688721.1) | 688721-1001 | Proquest E-Tez Koleksiyonu | Arıyor... |
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