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Built Environment and Children's Health in Wisconsin: A Geospatial Epidemiology Analysis
Başlık:
Built Environment and Children's Health in Wisconsin: A Geospatial Epidemiology Analysis
Yazar:
Bernardinello, Milena, author.
ISBN:
9780438082656
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
1 electronic resource (199 pages)
Genel Not:
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11(E), Section: A.
Includes supplementary digital materials.
Advisors: James LaGro, Jr. Committee members: Samuel Dennis; Asli Gocmen; Lawrence Hanrahan; Mari Palta; Kurt Paulsen.
Özet:
It is well established that the built environment is a social determinant of health. Homes, schools, and their surroundings are the main built environment elements during childhood that shape how healthy children grow. It is also recognized that physical fitness is as important as body weight for a healthy life style. However, only recently has evidence shown that the fit-fat imbalance is one of the leading causes of child obesity, also varying by age and ethnicity. While the association of the built and food environment with body weight has been extensively studied, the same association with level of fitness, and their interaction, has yet to be fully investigated.
This dissertation aims to: (1) evaluate whether attributes of the built environments surrounding Latino children's homes are associated with their level of fitness controlling for BMI, (2) investigate whether a composite measure of the built environment is related to prevalence of child obesity, and (3) assess whether the school-sites and their surrounding are associated with school-level fitness.
Understanding these associations is necessary to institutionalize health in planning policies and planning practice, such as school-siting, and to develop healthy and equitable communities.
Data come from University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (UW-SMPH) for, (1) the 2010 H.A.P.P.Y. 2 project conducted in the city of Milwaukee; (2) the Public Health Information Exchange (PHINEX) Electronic Health Records dataset -years 2007-2012- for Dane County, owned by the UW Family Medicine and Community Health, and (3) the statewide Fitnessgram database jointly collected in 2009-2010 by the UW-SMPH and the Wisconsin Department of Instructions. Geospatial and non-spatial multivariate linear regression are used to investigate the aims of this dissertation.
The main findings are (1) specific types of food retailers and parks, within a certain distance from home, are associated with children's aerobic fitness, and that BMI mediates the association; (2) the composite measure of the built environment is associated with child obesity prevalence; and (3) typologies of school-sites and specific types of food retailers, surroundings schools, are associated with school-level fitness scores.
Implications for policy and practice, in addition to further research are discussed.
Notlar:
School code: 0262
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